我需要从一个数据库表中随机的获取N条数据库,最先想到的办法是两次访问数据库,第一次是获得记录条数M,然后在产生个N随机数Kj(0<=j<N),其中0<=kj<=M.然后获取键值为Kj的记录数。
但是两次查询数据库是其缺点,简单实现方法如下:
$range_result = mysql_query( ” SELECT MAX(id) AS max_id , MIN(id) AS min_id FROM tb_name “);
$range_row = mysql_fetch_object( $range_result );
$random = mt_rand( $range_row->min_id , $range_row->max_id );
$result = mysql_query( ” SELECT * FROM tb_name WHERE id >= $random LIMIT 0,1 “);
于是查阅其手册(MySQL),其中提到用order by rand() 和limit两结合来获取随机记录。另外google了一下,还发现了其他一些好的方法,特记录下来:
1) 采用官方的方式
select * from tb_name order by rand() limit N
2)采用类似偏移方式
select * from tb_name where id >= (select floor(max(id) * rand()) from tb_name ) order by id asc limit N;
3)优化的方式select * from tb_name as r1 join
(select round(rand() * (select max(id) from tb_name)) as id2)
as r2 where r1.id >= r2.id2 order by r1.id asc limit N;